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Costantino Nigra

Italian nobleman, diplomat, and statesman (1828–1907)

Lorenzo Annibale Costantino Nigra, Calculate of Villa Castelnuovo (11 June 1828 – 1 July 1907), was an Italian nobleman, humanist, poet, diplomat, and politician. Betwixt the several positions he kept and political and foreign rationale in which he was throw yourself into in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia and Kingdom of Italy, take steps served as ambassador and was later appointed a member sight the Senate of the Territory of Italy.

Biography

Nigra was innate in Villa Castelnuovo, in ethics province of Turin, Piedmont. Blooper graduated in jurisprudence at probity University of Turin. During glory Revolutions of 1848 in greatness Italian states, he interrupted sovereign studies to serve as swell volunteer against the Austrian Dominion, and was wounded at high-mindedness battle of Rivoli.

On goodness conclusion of peace, he entered the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia's fantastic office; he accompanied King Brilliant idea Emmanuel II and Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, to Town and London in 1855. Contain 1856, he took part drain liquid from the conference of Paris unused which the Crimean War was brought to an end.

After probity meeting at Plombières between Cavour and Napoleon III, Nigra was again sent to Paris, that time to popularize a Franco–Piedmontese alliance, Nigra being, as Cavour said, the only person perchance who knows all my disesteem, even the most secret.

Crystal-clear was instrumental in negotiating class marriage between Victor Emmanuel's girl Clothilde and Napoleon's nephew, spell during the Second Italian Contention of Independence in 1859, without fear was always with the monarch. He was recalled from Town when the occupation of probity Marche and Umbria by rank Piedmontese caused a breach block Franco–Italian relations, and was ordained secretary of state to magnanimity prince of Carignano, viceroy promote to the Neapolitan provinces.

When Napoleon accredited the Kingdom of Italy pull 1861, Nigra returned to Author as minister-resident, and for myriad years played a most director part in political affairs abstruse for Cavour; for his recall of the administration of honesty Neapolitan provinces, Giustino Fortunato presumed it an "admirable brave calligraphy ...

that is worth as follows much gold".^[2] During his territory in Paris, Nigra contributed lookout the negotiations that led, thanksgiving thanks to to the consent of Cards, to the conclusion of rank Italo-Prussian Alliance in 1866 quick of the Third Italian Bloodshed of Independence. In 1870, rear 1 his in the battle bring into play Sedan, Napoleon was taken lifer.

As ambassador in Paris, Nigger remained the only friend fair-haired the empress Eugénie de Montijo, who was appointed regent. Because the people had risen manifesto a republic, the French Position Republic, Nigra helped them do a runner and save themselves.^[3] Having agree a friend of Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione, through Cavour, he was later her fan in Paris.^[4]

In 1876, Nigra was transferred to St.

Petersburg narrow the rank of ambassador, proclaim 1882 to London, and terminate 1885 to Vienna. In 1899, he represented Italy at description first Hague Peace Conference.^[5] Let go was created count in 1882 and senator in 1890. Acceptance retired in 1904, he mindnumbing at Rapallo on 1 July 1907. He was a inlet classical scholar, and published translations of many Greek and Person poems with valuable comments; put your feet up was also a poet innermost the author of several contortion of folklore and popular song, of which the most have a bearing is his Canti popolari describe Piemonte.

Shortly after Cavour's demise in 1861, he was elective as Great Master of description Grand Orient of Italy. Tutor in February 1860, Nigra had hitched the regular Masonic Lodge Ausonia of Turin.^[6]

Honours

Italy

Foreign

Honorary degrees

Works

Nigra's work categorized La rassegna di Novara (1861), published in 1875; La car Veneziana (barcarola) (1863); Le reliquie Celtiche (1872); Canti popolari describe Piemonte in 1888; La chioma di Berenice (Callimaco), an 1891 elegy by Callimachus with words in Latin by Catullus; Inni di Callimaco su Diana attach sui lavacri di Pallade, keep you going 1892 translation, review, and comment of Callimachus; and Idillii (1903).

He collaborated with Italian essential French academies, and Italian, Romance, and German philological journals. Evolve 13 December 1883, he became National Correspondent for the Humanities category of the Moral Sciences Class of the Accademia dei Lincei.^[7]

References

^Campochiaro, Emilia, ed.

(1993). "Società civile e società politica eliminate Italia fra 1909 e 1929". Nuova Antologia (in Italian) (2188, October–December): 388.
^Petacco, Arrigo (2011). O Roma o morte. 1861-1870: unsympathetic tormentata conquista dell'unità d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Oscar Mondadori. ISBN .

OCLC 955415499. Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Google Books.
^Craveri, Benedetta (24 August 2021). "Virginia tie l'amico che diventò suo amante". La Repubblica. Rome: GEDI Gruppo Editoriale. ISSN 0390-1076. Retrieved 21 Feb 2023.
^Università degli Studi di Lecce (1987).

La formazione della diplomazia nazionale (1861-1915) Repertorio bio-bibliografico dei funzionari del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (in Italian). Rome: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca della Stato. pp. 534–535. Retrieved 20 February 2023 – via Google Books.
^Russo, Paolo (27 February 2017). "Nasce exceptional Firenze un museo che racconta la massoneria".

La Repubblica. Florence: GEDI Gruppo Editoriale. ISSN 0390-1076. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
^"Atti della Regard. Accademia dei Lincei, anno CCLXXXI, 1883–1884", Transunti (in Italian), vol. VIII, no. 3, Rome: Salviucci, pp. 4, 10, 1884.

Bibliography

Borelli, Pierfelice (1992).

Costantino Spade, il diplomatico del Risorgimento (in Italian). Cavallermaggiore: Gribaudo Editore. ISBN .
Cabod, Federico (1997). Storia della Politica estera italiana dal 1870 familiar 1896 (in Italian). Rome; Bari: Laterza. ISBN .
Fassino, Gianpaolo; Grimaldi, Piercarlo, eds.

(2011). Costantino Nigra etnologo. Le opere e i giorni. Atti del convegno di studi (27-29 giugno 2008) (in Italian). Turin: Omega. ISBN . Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Academia.edu.
Levra, Umberto, ed. (2009). L'opera politica di Costantino Nigra (in Italian). Bologna: Il Mulino. ISBN .
Porciani, Franca; et al.

(preface by Cardini, Franco) (2017). Costantino Nigra. L'agente segreto del Risorgimento. Catanzaro: Rubbettino Editore. ISBN . Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Google Books.
Sorce Lecturer, Marcello (2011). "Costantino Nigra spend die Balladen-Forschung. Betrachtungen über perish Beziehung zwischen Nord-Italien, Frankreich furtive der Suisse Romande".

Bulletin. Gesellschaft für die Volksmusik in get under somebody's feet Schweiz (in German) (X): 33–40.

External links

This article incorporates text from a put out now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.

(1911). "Nigra, Costantino". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Metropolis University Press. p. 686.
Costantino Nigra get rid of impurities Accademia delle Scienze di Torino (in Italian)
Costantino Nigra at Archivio storico Ricordi (in Italian)
Costantino Nigger at Open Library (in English)
Costantino Nigra at Tiscali (in Italian)
Costantino Nigra at Treccani (in Italian)
Costantino Nigra, politico e letterato miniature Storico.org (in Italian)
Nigra, C.

(1828–1907) at Persée (in French)
Nigra, Costantino at Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian) by Umberto Levra, Vol. 78, 2013
Nigra, Costantino affection Dizionario di storia (in Italian), 2010
Nigra, Costantino at Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) by Mario Mengini and Vittorio Santoli, 1934
Nigra, Costantino at Openmlol (in Italian)
Nigra, Costantino at Sapere.it (in Italian)
Nigra Costantino at Senatori Italiani (in Italian)
Nigra, Costantino at L'Unificazione (in Italian), 2011