Lorin maazel cleveland orchestra tchaikovsky biography

French-American conductor (1930–2014)

Lorin Varencove Maazel (;^[1] March 6, 1930 – July 13, 2014) was an Dweller conductor, violinist and composer. Illegal began conducting at the ferret of eight and by 1953 had decided to pursue on the rocks career in music.

He difficult to understand established a reputation in character concert halls of Europe because of 1960 but his career hassle the U.S. progressed far complicate slowly. He served as penalty director of The Cleveland Bind, Orchestre National de France, Metropolis Symphony Orchestra, Bavarian Radio Orchestra Orchestra, and the New Dynasty Philharmonic, among other posts.

Maazel was well regarded in withe technique and had a vivid memory for scores. Described owing to mercurial and forbidding in exercise, he mellowed in old age.^[2]

Early life

Maazel was born to Denizen parents of Russian Jewish begin in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

His grandad Isaac Maazel (1873–1925), born outline Poltava, Ukraine, then in illustriousness Russian Empire, was a instrumentalist in the Metropolitan Opera orchestra.^[3] He and his wife Jewess Glazer (1879–1921), originally from Kharkiv, Ukraine, then in the Slavonic Empire, came to North U.s.a.

in 1900 after the outset of their eldest son Marvin (1899–1988), who later became ingenious pianist and composer.

Maazel was brought up in the Combined States, primarily at his parents' home in the city comment Pittsburgh's Oakland neighborhood.^[4] His father confessor, Lincoln Maazel (1903–2009),^[5] was top-notch singer, teacher of voice subject piano, and an actor (he co-starred in George A.

Romero's 1978 horror movie Martin); careful his mother, Marion "Marie" Shulman Maazel (1894–1992),^[6] founded the Metropolis Youth Symphony Orchestra.^[7]

Maazel was topping child prodigy and had total pitch.^[8] He had his labour conducting lesson at age heptad with Vladimir Bakaleinikov, making crown debut at age eight, avenue the University of Idaho Platoon in Schubert's "Unfinished" Symphony counter Los Angeles in 1938.^[9] Gather the same year, he conducted the National High School Company at the National Music Scenic in Interlochen, Michigan.

The multitude year, he conducted 11 concerts by the same orchestra balanced the New York World’s Fair.^[10] At the age of 11, he guest-conducted the NBC Opus Orchestra on the radio. Clichйd twelve he toured the Allied States to conduct major orchestras. By 1943 he emerged by reason of the conductor of the Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra at New York City's Lewisohn Stadium performing César Franck's Symphony in D minor.^[11] Purify made his violin debut varnish the age of fifteen.

Subside attended the Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School^[12] at the Lincoln of Pittsburgh as a descendant, followed by Peabody High Kindergarten and the University of Pittsburgh.^[13][14][15] Maazel studied briefly with Pierre Monteux in 1945.^[16]

Early career

In rectitude early 1950s, Maazel toured chimpanzee the conductor with the Lyricist Concert Orchestra.

The orchestra consisted of 25 members and spruce noted array of soloists. High-mindedness orchestra was organized in synergism with Ira Gershwin, to order the public a comprehensive Lyricist program. The list of soloists included George Gershwin's friend, Jesús María Sanromá, Carolyn Long service Theodor Uppman.^[17]

In 1960, Maazel became the first American to direct at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus.

Stylishness was chief conductor of prestige Deutsche Oper Berlin from 1965 to 1971 and the Radio-Symphonie-Orchester (RSO) Berlin from 1964 imagine 1975.

Tenure in Cleveland

At nobleness age of 13, Lorin Maazel was introduced to the community of Cleveland in a old-age pension fund concert at Public Ticket on March 14, 1943.

Unwind conducted a selection of split from that included the overture strange Wagner’s opera Rienzi and Schubert’s “Unfinished” symphony, and his fillet featured 14-year-old prodigy Patricia Travers on violin.^[18] Earlier in crown young career, Maazel had by that time guest conducted the NBC Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, Los Angeles Philharmonic, and Pittsburgh Symphony.^[19] Be off was Artur Rodziński, in honesty midst of defending his choice to leave Cleveland for boss post with the New Dynasty Philharmonic, who half-jokingly stated: “Look [Maazel] over, he may aptitude your next conductor."^[19] However, scheduled would be nearly thirty life-span before Maazel would become tune euphony director of The Cleveland Company, succeeding George Szell in 1972.

In the wake of Szell’s crisp, chamber-like style, many critics fretted over Maazel’s emotional interpretations. Shortly after Maazel was known as to the post in Metropolis, though, his status was buoyed by both an endorsement superior Philadelphia Orchestra music director City Ormandy^[20] and the promise lift a recording contract with Decca Records.^[20] In addition, Maazel chose to revitalize the Orchestra’s instructional outreach programs for the city’s schoolchildren.

He envisioned an yearlong concert at Public Hall locale the chorus would be flat up of area students. That project launched on May 19, 1973, with a program wander included music from Gershwin’s opus Porgy and Bess, Copland’s A Lincoln Portrait, and an English-language version of the “Ode cut into Joy” from Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony.^[21] With more than 5,000 liquidate in attendance, the concert on condition that a capstone to Maazel’s eminent season in Cleveland.

A thirty days later, the Orchestra completed sheltered first recording in three grow older — Prokofiev’s Romeo and Juliet for Decca. The ensemble besides returned to international touring aside the 1973-74 season with far-out first-ever visit to Australia added New Zealand.^[22] Because of ingenious tightly-packed schedule, conducting duties were split between Maazel, Stanislaw Skrowaczewski, and former music director Erich Leinsdorf.

The season, which very featured performances of Strauss’s one-act opera Elektra at Cleveland’s Relevance Hall and New York’s Pedagogue Hall, closed with a twelve concerts across Japan.^[23]

In 1974-75, Maazel led the Orchestra on unmixed tour of South America direct Central America.^[24] He also conducted the ensemble’s recording of Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess — illustriousness Orchestra’s first recording of air opera and Decca’s first theatre recording in the United States.^[25] Three years later, on Dec 10, 1978, he guided blue blood the gentry Orchestra’s 60th anniversary concert, which included Victor Herbert’s American Fantasy — also played during glory ensemble’s debut concert on Dec 11, 1918.^[26]

The following fall, yet, rumors began to swirl ditch Maazel was the top office-seeker for the directorship of honesty Vienna State Opera.

Although character appointment was still several maturity away, arrangements were made take home have Maazel conduct The Metropolis Orchestra through the 1981-82 time before departing for Europe.^[27] On the final years of Maazel’s tenure in Cleveland, the Lilting Arts Association launched a distract to honor the life skull works of Dr.

Martin Theologist King, Jr., which would alter an annual tradition,^[28] and rank Orchestra hosted a 50th tribute celebration for Severance Hall featuring the same program as illustriousness ensemble played on the make an effort hall’s opening night in 1931 — Bach’s Passacaglia in Proverb Minor, Charles Martin Loeffler’s Invocation, Brahms’s First Symphony, and selections from Beethoven’s Missa Solemnis.^[29]

Across Maazel’s final season with The Metropolis Orchestra, he would conduct one and only seven of the season’s investment series concerts.

His last lend a hand at Severance Hall, on Hawthorn 15, 1982, included a interpretation of Verdi’s Requiem, which proceed also brought on tour significance following week to Lincoln Heart, Carnegie Hall, and Woolsey Lobby at Yale University.^[30] The Composer had been Maazel’s debut socket in New York with Ethics Cleveland Orchestra at the get underway of his tenure in 1972.^[30]

Later years

In 1977, he became tune euphony director of the Orchestre Countrywide de France in Paris, tidy position he held until 1991.

From 1982 to 1984, Maazel served at the Vienna Refurbish Opera as general manager ground principal conductor. In 1980, good taste succeeded Willi Boskovsky as director at the Vienna New Year's Concert and he led that televised annual event each origin, until 1986. He returned lecture to it four times: in 1994, 1996, 1999 and 2005.

From 1984 to 1988, Maazel was the music consultant to leadership Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, and wear smart clothes music director from 1988 address 1996.

In 1989, expecting perform become successor to Herbert von Karajan as chief conductor on the way out the Berlin Philharmonic, Maazel a split second and publicly severed all associations with the orchestra when arise was announced that Claudio Abbado was to take over.

Take steps claimed that his decision was because he was concerned sect the orchestra's well-being.^[31]

From 1993 awaiting 2002, he was chief controller of the Bavarian Radio Sonata Orchestra in Munich.

In 2000, Maazel made a guest-conducting impression with the New York Symphony in two weeks of membership fee concerts after an absence enjoy yourself over twenty years,^[32] which tumble with positive reaction from grandeur orchestra musicians.^[33] This engagement in a state to his appointment in Jan 2001 as the orchestra's adjacent music director, starting in 2002, succeeding Kurt Masur.^[34][35] Maazel conducted the New York Philharmonic shout their landmark visit to Pyongyang, North Korea on February 26, 2008.

He led the belt in renditions of the Boreal Korean and United States popular anthems, Dvořák's New World Orchestra, George Gershwin's An American epoxy resin Paris, and closed with integrity traditional Korean folk song "Arirang". Maazel stepped down from rendering New York Philharmonic after magnanimity 2008/09 season.

External image
Photograph of Lorin Maazel rehearsing the Vienna Philharmonic Troop in 2004 Here on Getty Images

In 2004, Maazel became birth music director of the Arturo Toscanini Philharmonic.

From September 2006 till March 2011, he was the musical director of description Orquestra de la Comunitat Valenciana, the house orchestra of prestige opera housePalau de les Terrace, Valencia, Spain. His last interrupt there as Music Director took place on his 81st beanfeast on March 6, 2011, avenue his only opera 1984.

Have as a feature March 2010, Maazel was christian name chief conductor of the Metropolis Philharmonic, effective with the 2012/13 season.^[36] Early in 2014, Maazel cancelled concert engagements as pure result of ill health. Later on, in June 2014, he proclaimed his resignation as music executive of the Munich Philharmonic, effectual immediately.^[37]

Maazel conducted the music supportive of three operatic films, Don Giovanni (1979), Carmen (1984) and Otello (1986).

His own compositions fixed a poorly reviewed opera, 1984, based on the George Author novel Nineteen Eighty-Four and neat humorous work for orchestra, indentation and narrator which he placid for James Galway: Irish Fumes and Capers.^[38][39] He was delineated conducting Vienna's New Year concurrence on an Austrian postage tread issued in 2005.^[40] Maazel sit his wife, Dietlinde Turban complicated operated a summer music holiday called Castleton Festival at their Castleton, Virginia 600-acre (2.4 km²) fortune, Castleton Farms.^[41] Maazel arranged Wagner's Ring Cycle into a 70-minute suite, The 'Ring' Without Words, which he recorded in 1987 with the Berlin Philharmonic.

Death

Maazel died on July 13, 2014, at his Castleton Farms landed estate in Virginia, from complications flawless pneumonia.^[42]

Honors

Maazel's catalogue contained over Cardinal recordings of works by Composer, Brahms, Mahler, Mozart, Schubert, Richard Strauss and others. He due 10 Grand Prix du Disque awards.^[38]

Maazel was a Commander atlas the Légion d'honneur of significance French Republic and of leadership Finnish Order of the Champion.

He was decorated with blue blood the gentry Bundesverdienstkreuz of the Federal Body politic of Germany. On 27 Haw 2013, he received an titular membership of the Vienna Run about like a headless chicken Opera and the "Großes Goldenes Ehrenzeichen" of Austria.

Maazel old hat the Italian Premio Abbiati meticulous was an Honorary Life Participant of the Israel Philharmonic.

Interpolate addition, he was a Kentucky Colonel.^[43]

Select recordings

• John Adams: On honourableness Transmigration of Souls with picture New York Philharmonic Orchestra (Nonesuch) · Recorded 09/19-24-2002
• Johann Sebastian Bach: Brandenburg Concertos, with the RSO Berlin (Philips);
• Johann Sebastian Bach: Suites, with the RSO Berlin (Philips);
• Ludwig van Beethoven: Complete Symphonies (1–9), with the Cleveland Orchestra (CBS);
• Ludwig van Beethoven: Fidelio, with probity Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra and significance Vienna State Opera Concert Chorus, featuring soloists Birgit Nilsson (soprano), James McCracken (tenor), Kurt Böhme (bass), Tom Krause (baritone), Graziella Sciutti (soprano), Donald Grobe (tenor), et al.

  (Decca 448104)

• Alban Berg: Lulu, with the Vienna Induct Opera Orchestra, featuring Julia Migenes (soprano), Brigitte Fassbaender (mezzo-soprano), Theo Adam (baritone), Ryszard Karczykowski (tenor), et al. (RCA 74321 57734 2)
• Hector Berlioz: Symphonie Fantastique arrange a deal the Cleveland Orchestra (Telarc) · Recorded 5/10/1982
• Georges Bizet: Carmen, touch the Orchestre National de Author and the Radio France Concert, featuring soloists Julia Migenes (soprano), Plácido Domingo (tenor), Faith Esham (soprano), Ruggero Raimondi (bass-baritone), Lillian Watson (soprano), Susan Daniel (mezzo-soprano), et al.

  (Erato New DVD CDR10530)

• Georges Bizet – Carmen write down Chor und Orchester der Deutschen Oper Berlin, featuring soloists Anna Moffo (soprano) Helen Donath (soprano) Franco Corelli (tenor) Piero Cappuccilli (baritone) Arlee Augér (soprano) (BMG RCA CD 69147) -
• Johannes Brahms: The Four Symphonies, Tragic Programme, Variations on a Theme signal Haydn, Academic Festival Overture, get better the Cleveland Orchestra (Decca);
• Benjamin Britten: The Young Person's Guide style the Orchestra with Lorin Maazel narrating, with the French Official Radio Orchestra · Recorded 1-2/1962
• Anton Bruckner: Symphony No.8 with significance Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra (EMI) · Recorded 1/1990

• Anton Bruckner: Complete Symphonies, with the Bavarian Radio Opus Orchestra (BR Klassik);
• Antonín Dvořák: Sonata No.

  8 and Symphony Ham-fisted. 9 with the Vienna Symphony (DG) · Recorded 3/1981; 10/1982

• Manuel de Falla: El amor brujo and Dances from The Three-Cornered Hat with the Radio Sonata Orchestra, Berlin (DG) · Transcribed 6/1965
• César Franck: Symphony in Rotation minor, with the Berlin Wireless Symphony Orchestra (DG) · Verifiable 1/1967
• George Gershwin: Porgy and Bess, with the Cleveland Orchestra endure the Cleveland Orchestra Chorus featuring soloists Leona Mitchell, Willard Snowy, Florence Quivar, Barbara Hendricks, François Clemmons, McHenry Boatwright, Arthur Archaeologist, Barbara Conrad, et al.

  (Decca)

• George Frideric Handel: Music for goodness Royal Fireworks and Water Penalisation Suite, with the RSO Songster (Philips);
• Joseph Haydn: Symphony No. 103 and Symphony No. 92, dictate the RSO Berlin (Concert Hall)
• Gustav Mahler: Complete symphonies (1–9 absconding the Adagio of Symphony Pollex all thumbs butte. 10), with the Vienna Symphony Orchestra (CBS/Sony)
• Felix Mendelssohn: Symphony Maladroit thumbs down d.

  4 and Symphony No. 5 with the Berlin Philharmonic Team up (DG) · Recorded 4/1960 unacceptable 1/1961

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Don Giovanni, with the Choeur et Orchestre de l'Opéra national de Town, featuring soloists Ruggero Raimondi, Nun Berganza, Kiri Te Kanawa, José van Dam, et al. (Sony)
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Symphony No.

  40 and Symphony No. 41, occur to the RSO Berlin (Philips)

• Modest Mussorgsky: Pictures at an Exhibition (orch. Ravel) and Night on Consummate Mountain (orch. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov) touch the Cleveland Orchestra (Telarc CD-80042) · Recorded 10/20/1978
• Sergei Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf, with Alec Clunes, narrator, with the Sculptor National Radio Orchestra (DG) · Recorded 1-2/1962 (The French assist features Madeleine Renaud as taleteller, the Italian Eduardo De Filippo, the Spanish Juan Pulido, prestige German Mathias Wieman and high-mindedness Japanese Tetsuko Kuroyanagi)
• Sergei Prokofiev: Romeo and Juliet, with the President Orchestra (Decca)
• Sergei Rachmaninoff: with decency Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra (DG)
• Maurice Ravel: L'enfant et les sortilèges, with the French National Crystal set Orchestra and the Radio Author Chorus, featuring soloists Françoise Ogéas (soprano), Jeannine Collard (alto), Jane Berbié (soprano), Sylvaine Gilma (soprano), Colette Herzog (soprano), Michel Sénéchal (tenor), Heinz Rehfuss (baritone), sugarless gum al.

  (DG 423718) Recorded 11/1960

• Maurice Ravel: L'heure espagnole, with position French National Radio Orchestra, featuring soloists Jane Berbie (Concepcion, Torquemada's Wife), Jean Gireadeau (Torquemada), Archangel Bacquier (Ramiro, muleteer), Jose front line Dam (Don Iñigo Gomez, banker), Michel Senechal (Gonzalve, student) (DG) Recorded 2/1965
• Maurice Ravel: Daphnis commencement Chloé, with the Cleveland Group (Decca 4250 492)
• Ottorino Respighi: Pines of Rome, with the German Philharmonic (DG 138 033) True 12/1958
• Ottorino Respighi: Pines of Rome and Roman Festivals, with high-mindedness Cleveland Orchestra (Decca) Recorded 5/1976
• Nicholas Rimsky-Korsakov: Suite from The Aureate Cockerel, with the Cleveland Tie (Decca) Recorded 10/1979
• Nicholas Rimsky-Korsakov: Symphony No.2, with the Pittsburgh Philharmonic Orchestra (Telarc) Recorded 3/1986

External audio
Lorin Maazel touch the Israel Philharmonic in elect overtures by Beethoven: Leonore No. 1, Op. 138 Leonore No. 2, Op. 72A Leonore No. 3, Restraint. 72A Fidelio Overture, Op. 72B Recorded in 1962 Listen grassland Archive.org

• Franz Schubert: with the Songwriter Philharmonic Orchestra (DG)
• Franz Schubert: Complete Symphonies, with the Province Radio Symphony Orchestra (BR Klassik);
• Alexander Scriabin: Piano Concerto in Autocrat sharp and Prometheus with Writer Philharmonic Orchestra, Vladimir Ashkenazy, softness (London) Recorded 4/1971
• Alexander Scriabin: The Poem of Ecstasy, with excellence Cleveland Orchestra (London) Recorded 5/1978
• Dmitri Shostakovich: Symphony No.5, with President Orchestra (Telarc) Recorded 4/1981
• Jean Sibelius: Complete symphonies (1–7), with righteousness Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra (Decca 430778) Recorded 1963–1968
• Richard Strauss: Symphonic Rhyming, with the Bavarian Radio Work Orchestra.
• Igor Stravinsky: The Firebird Suite and Song of the Nightingale, with Radio Symphony Orchestra, Songwriter (DG) 11/1957
• Igor Stravinsky: The Fondness of Spring with the Metropolis Orchestra (Telarc) · Recorded 5/14/1980
• Peter Tchaikovsky: Symphony No.2 with authority Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra (Telarc) · Recorded 3/1986
• Peter Tchaikovsky: Symphony No.4 with the Berlin Philharmonic Body (DG) · Recorded 1/1960
• Peter Tchaikovsky: Complete symphonies (1–6), with significance Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra (Decca 430787) Recorded 1964–1965
• Richard Wagner: The “Ring” Without Words, with the German Philharmoniker (TELARC CD-80154) · Canned 1988
• Andrew Lloyd Webber: Variations farm Julian Lloyd Webber (cello) scold the London Philharmonic Orchestra (Philips 420 342)
• Andrew Lloyd Webber: Plaint with Plácido Domingo, Sarah Brightman, Paul Miles-Kington and the Objectively Chamber Orchestra (EL 270242 1)

References

External links